Hubungan Status Imunisasi dengan Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) Pada Balita di Puskesmas Abepantai Kota Jayapura

Aroi, Sulamit (2020) Hubungan Status Imunisasi dengan Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) Pada Balita di Puskesmas Abepantai Kota Jayapura. Undergraduated thesis, Universitas Cenderawasih.

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Abstract

Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) rentan terjadi kondisi fisik lingkungan rumah yang tidak memenuhi syarat, perilaku beresiko merokok dan asap dapur rumah serta imunitas tubuh anak yang lemah. Salah satu upaya meningkatkan imunitas balita adalah imunisasi dasar sesuai dengan program imunisasi di Indonesia dalam mencegah beberapa penyakit diantaranya adalah ISPA. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan status imunisasi dengan kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) pada Balita di Puskesmas Abepantai Kota Jayapura. Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasi dengan rancangan case control study. Populasi adalah seluruh balita dengan sampel sebanyak 42 orang. Data diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian diperoleh karakterisitk balita dengan kejadian ISPA terbanyak berumur < 3 tahun sebanyak 32 orang (67,5%) dan sedikit yang berumur > 3 tahun sebanyak 10 orang (32,1%). Jenis kelamin balita laki-laki sebanyak 24 orang (57,1%) dan perempuan sebanyak 18 orang (42,9%). Status imunisasi lengkap sebanyak 30 orang (71,4%) dan sebanyak 12 orang (28,6%) dengan status imunisasi tidak lengkap. Kejadian ISPA dari gejala klinis ditemukan kategori ISPA sebanyak 21 orang (50%) dan kategori tidak ISPA sebanyak 21 orang (50%). Tidak terdapat hubungan status imuniassi dengan kejadian ISPA pada balita di Puskesmas Abepantai Kota Jayapura (p-value = 0,088 <  0,05; OR= 0,222; 95%CI (0,050-0,903), sehingga disarankan bagi peneliti dapat meneliti fakor lain seperti status gizi, kondisi fisik lingkungan rumah dan perilaku kesehatan keluarga. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Acute Respiratory Diseases (ISPA) are vulnerable to physical conditions in the home environment that do not meet the requirements, risky behavior of smoking and smoke in the kitchen house and weak children's immunity. One of the efforts to increase the immunity of children under five is basic immunization in accordance with the immunization program in Indonesia in preventing several diseases, including ARI. The aim of the study was to see the relationship between immunization status and the incidence of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ISPA) in children under five at Abepantai Health Public Centre, Jayapura City. This research is a free description with a case control study. The population was all children under five with a sample of 42 people. The data were obtained using a questionnaire and analyzed using the chi square. The results of the research on the characteristics of children under five years old with the incidence of ARI <3 years were 32 people (67.5%) and aged> 3 years as many as 10 people (32.1%). There were 24 male toddlers (57.1%) and 18 girls (42.9%). There were 30 complete immunization status (71.4%) and 12 people (28.6%) with incomplete immunization status. The incidence of ARI from clinical symptoms found in the ARI category was 21 people (50%) and not ARI category was 21 people (50%). There is not a relationship between immunization status and the incidence of ARI in children under five at Abepantai Community Health Center, Jayapura City (p-value = 0,088 <  0,05; OR= 0,222; 95%CI (0,050-0,903), and recommendation for researcher to riset another different factor, there is nutrient state, hmo physical and helath behavior family.

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